In recent years, with the arrival of summer, record-high temperatures have begun, increasing the risk of heat stroke worldwide. This month alone, several deaths have been reported due to it.
What is a heat stroke?
Heat stroke is a dangerous and life-threatening condition. It occurs when you engage in physical activities in a hot environment. When you are outdoors or exposed to direct sunlight, the body cannot release heat as fast as it absorbs it. The body's temperature can rise to 41 degrees Celsius within 10 to 15 minutes.
At this extreme temperature, our body's heat control system quickly reaches its limit, making it difficult for the body to cool itself down. Symptoms of heat stroke include partial or complete unconsciousness, headache, dizziness, and drowsiness. Seizures, regurgitating, loose bowels, and low circulatory strain may likewise happen. Heat stroke can develop within one to six hours and can be fatal within less than 24 hours if not treated properly.
Emergency Measures
Upon noticing the symptoms of heat stroke, emergency services should be alerted immediately. Meanwhile, the affected person should be taken out of the sun and heat and placed in a cool or shaded area. The body should be cooled as quickly as possible with cold or icy water and wet clothes.
Additionally, if possible, the affected person should be given plenty of fluids. Any excess clothing on the body should be removed immediately.
If the affected person is unconscious but breathing normally, they should be placed on their side until emergency personnel arrive. It is essential to regularly check for breathing and consciousness during this time. If the affected person is not breathing normally, chest compressions should be administered periodically to restore breathing.
Preventive Measures
The primary and best way to avoid heat stroke is to minimize direct exposure to the sun, especially at noon. Wearing a light-colored hat and drinking plenty of water or juice is crucial. An adult needs at least half a liter of extra water on hot days.